Electricity restriction costs

This paper presents a summary of the main results obtained in the first survey of consumers carried out in Brazil on the subject of electricity interruption costs. First, the broad idea related to energy restriction costs is discussed and the conceptual differences between each kind of restriction is reviewed (e.g. interruption costs, deficits costs and `no-billing´ costs). The survey methodology is briefly described and the main results are given. For the sake of comparison, a set of results from other countries (USA, Canada) are discussed. A numerical example is given to highlight a practical application. Finally, the combined use of electricity restriction costs is discussed