Modelling and analysis of ground bounce due to internal gate switching

Ground bounce noise due to internal gate switching is studied. Unlike the ground bounce caused by switching of the output buffer, both power-rail and ground-rail impedances are important, and a double negative feedback mechanism must be considered. Based on the lumped-model analysis and taking into account the parasitic and velocity-saturation effects of MOS transistors, an analytical model is developed including both switching and non-switching gates. The proposed model is employed to analyse the on-chip decoupling capacitance, resonant frequency, wire/pin inductance and loading effect. Good agreement between the model predictions and SPICE simulation results is obtained.