Multirange Rectifier Instruments Having the Same Scale Graduation for All Ranges

It is shown that the character of the scale in a rectifier instrument depends only upon the impedance of the network connected across the rectifier input. Combinations of single series and shunt elements are shown which enable this impedance to be constant and at the same time permit various voltage and current sensitivities. This makes possible rectifier voltmeters, ammeters, and volt-ammeters having any desired number of ranges that all accurately follow a single scale. By adding a uniform scale the usefulness of the multirange meter can be extended, and a truly universal alternating-current-direct-current instrument having good accuracy results.