Majorana Effect on Atomic Frequency Standards

The Majorana effect on the hydrogen maser and the cesium (Cs) beam frequency standard is studied. In the hydrogen maser, the Majorana transition is used to the state selection successfully to eliminate the atoms in the [F = 1, mF = 1] state. As the result, a good performance of the hydrogen maser operation is obtained. In the Cs beam frequency standard, the remarkable phenomena due to this transition are described, such as the change of beam detection current, the change of the pattern in the low-frequency Zeeman transition, and the change of the velocity distributions.