Double cone nanostructures for ultimate anti-reflectivity of encapsulated silicon solar cells

Double cone nanostructures are proposed for the ultimate anti-reflectivity of encapsulated silicon solar cells. The proposed design consists of high aspect ratio silicon nanocones covered by a polymeric layer textured with inverted nanocone structures. Both nanocones and inverted nanocones effectively suppress Fresnel reflection at each interface by means of gradient index effect, while the inverted nanocones on the top surface provide enhanced mechanical robustness. Also, the proposed design is fabricated using methods compatible with large-scale replication, which have potential to be applied to the energy industry.