Verification of Polarimetric Calibration Method Including Faraday Rotation Compensation Using PALSAR Data

The spaceborne Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) needs polarimetric calibration in order for PALSAR data to be utilized for various applications such as geophysical analysis. In case of a PALSAR system using L-band, the Faraday rotation (FR) effect, which rotates the polarization plane of radio waves, becomes a problem when full-polarimetric observation data are used, such as target classification using polarization synthesis. Therefore, we need to estimate and remove both antenna distortion matrices and the FR effect. In this paper, we propose a polarimetric calibration method taking both channel imbalance and crosstalk of receiving and transmitting antennas and FR effect into consideration using two reference reflectors, namely, polarization preserving reflector and polarization rotating one. Then, we apply our calibration method to PALSAR data and derive antenna distortion matrices and FR angle simultaneously. Our calibration results show that the estimated antenna distortion matrices are almost equal to the calibration results from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and that the estimated FR angle has a reasonable value.