Detection of vulnerable relays and sensitive controllers under cascading events based on performance indices

The unexpected relay operations have been regarded as one of main reasons to propagate and induce the cascaded blackouts. It is significant to timely detect vulnerable relays to be blocked, and locate sensitive controllers to regulate the emergency states. In this paper, a multi agent system (MAS) based detection strategy is proposed to identify the vulnerable relays and sensitive controllers under the overloading situation during cascading events. Based on the impedance margin sensitivity, diverse performance indices are proposed to help improving this detection. A study case of voltage instability induced cascaded blackout built in real time digital simulator (RTDS) will be used to demonstrate the proposed strategy. The simulation results indicate this strategy can effectively detect the vulnerable relays and sensitive controllers under overloading situations.