Access mode of EVs to grid based on VPP

The rapidly increasing amount of Electric Vehicles has attracted more and more concerns of both the auto industry and the power industry. The complex interactions between electric vehicles on a large scale with the power grid constitute a considerable challenge regarding the feasibility, the efficiency and the stability of the grid. On one hand, as the capacity of a single EV is rather small compared to the grid, its visibility in the grid, thus regulating effect of it is not apparent. Therefore, large-scale electric vehicles which are integrated together through an aggregator could be effective. On the other, the VPP concept aims to integrate distributed generations, storage devices and controllable loads to participate in the electricity and ancillary service makets. So it is possible and meaningful to combine VPP and EVs. This paper analyses the characteristics of EVs and summaries several possible access modes of EVs to Grid. After a detailed introduction of VPP concept and its participation mechanism, the paper aims to propose an accessing mode based on the VPP concept. In addition, the advantages of the mode is summarized in this paper.