Parameters affecting neutral-to-earth voltage along primary distribution circuits

It is essential to identify the type of primary distribution circuit and to have a thorough understanding of the sources of neutral-to-earth voltage in agricultural installations in order to achieve success when attempting to mitigate an elevated on-farm neutral-to-earth voltage level originating from off the farm. The authors discuss the primary electrical distribution system, describe the ways in which a neutral-to-earth voltage is produced by the various primary distribution systems, and present the expected change in level of neutral-to-earth voltage as a result of changes of various design parameters of the primary distribution system. It is shown that grounding isolation or step-down transformer banks installed on a line can have an effect upon the neutral-to-earth voltage of the line