High frequency broadcast transmission with vertical radiation

The economic and physical difficulties of medium and long wave broadcasting which are met, particularly in undeveloped areas, are dealt with. The point is brought out that correct siting for getting reasonable coverage for an area usually means high capital cost in connection with the establishment of the station and also high maintenance costs. The idea is developed that if broadcasting were directed in a vertical direction, exact siting of the station would not be very important provided there is reasonable soil conductivity. Reference will be made to the usable wavelengths in different parts of the world both as regards maximum and minimum and their effect on the cost of the aerial system. Three types of aerial for vertical radiation are described, and graphs illustrating polar diagrams are included.