The energy management control strategy for electric vehicle applications

This paper presents the control system of energy management for electric vehicle (EV) applications, based on the actual speed of the vehicle and the terminal voltage of supercapacitors (SCs). The cascade control of voltage and current were implemented on SCs for tracking the energy during acceleration and braking. The performances of SCs concerning the dynamic power were examined. A reliable power system composed of Lithium-ion Batteries (LBs) and SCswas selected. AC drive was simplified by a DC drive system, simulated using fully driven acceleration cycle and also during braking condition. The actual vehicle dynamic and tractive loads were modeled for the motor driving load. The energy consumption of pure Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) and the proposed Batteries-SCs Hybrid Electric Vehicle (BHEV) were then compared for the driving cycle. The driving power portions, bus voltage regulations, and SCs actual voltage and current were also investigated. Numerical simulations using MATLAB had proven the effectiveness of the proposed system over the BEV.