Design and realisation of an electrically small Huygens source for circular polarisation

The authors study the possibilities of realising circularly polarised Huygens source antennas combining electric and magnetic dipoles. The required combinations of dipoles are first studied analytically. Radiating elements comprising both electric and magnetic dipoles in a single element, namely, chiral particles, are then chosen as a way to realise the required dipole radiators. The use of elements that have equally strong electric and magnetic dipoles in a single element greatly simplifies the realisation and feeding of these antennas. The designed antennas are studied numerically and finally the radiation properties of the antennas are verified with measurements. The numerical and experimental results confirm that the antennas have radiation characteristics similar to a Huygens source.