Engineering on Ag anode for efficient top-illuminated small molecular photovoltaic

We demonstrated a fabrication process by spinning the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) layer on silver/silver oxide (Ag/AgOx) anode to smooth the its surface, resulting to effectively improve the efficiency of the top-illuminated organic photovoltaic (TIOPV). The basic TIOPV configuration mainly comprised a high reflective Ag anode, a semitransparent Ag cathode and a small molecular active layer. Several characteristics of Ag anode such as surface morphologies, roughness, reflectivity and work-function dominated the device performance, affected by the increasing exposure time under UV-Ozone treatment, corresponding to the more AgOx formation on Ag anode. In particular, the further PEDOT: PSS lamination advanced these characteristics to achieve a more efficient TIOPV. In this paper, the power conversion efficiency 0.53% of TIOPV with a pristine-Ag anode could be raised to 0.96% after 45 second UV-Ozone treatment on Ag anode, finally up to 1.42% by employing a PEDOT:PSS lamination on Ag/AgOx anode.