Optimal energy management of a retailer with smart metering and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle

A smart grid will integrate extensive distributed resources such as local generation sources, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) and demand response (DR) programs. By using smart metering, advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) facilitates consumer participation in DR programs and changes the consumption pattern of residential user via tariff schemes for electrical energy. In addition, the smart grid will play an important role in controlling and coordinating of PHEVs charging or discharging activities. In this paper, an optimization technique is used, in order to minimizing a retailer energy cost. The retailer controls charging or discharging of PHEVs during a day and considers the impact of time variant tariff schemes on customer behavior. The behavior of customer is modeled by means of economic demand models.