Proven-prompt vector normalizer

The cosine of the angle between two vectors is a frequency needed quantity in computer graphics algorithms. Provided the vectors are normalized, it can easily be computed by evaluating their dot product. However, this requires the essential problem of rapidly normalizing a vector, which includes three divisions and one square root operation, to be solved. The authors describe a single-chip VLSI implementation of a pipelined vector normalizer and give design details of a fast and compact square root unit