Patch antenna with reconfigurable polarization

In this paper, polarization reconfigurable antenna is proposed through voltage controlling. The studied antenna comprising of a rectangular patch, a varactor, a power divider circuitry, and a finite ground plane is designed for Global Position System (GPS) operation. The patch is simultaneously coupling fed by two T-strip along the vertical edge and horizontal edge. The two feeding mechanism are the same except for a varactor which is embedded into one of them. An antenna with triple-polarization diversity, including one linear polarization, one elliptical polarization, and one circular polarization, is developed from the structure, and only one varactor is required. Details of the antenna design are shown, and the simulated and measured results for the constructed prototype are also presented and discussed.