Integration of large wind power plants into power system - challenges and solutions

Wind generation has been the fastest growing power source over the past decade and this growth is forecasted to continue. The new trend is adding large wind plants to achieve economy of scale. As large wind plants are likely to contribute to significant shares of the energy, they also bring new challenge in system operation. These challenges include connection of large wind farms to weak grids, securing power quality, power fluctuations and changes in operating strategies of conventional power plants Typical issues discussed recently are 1. Tripping due to transmission system faults 2. Voltage fluctuation under varying wind conditions 3. Inability to control active power production 4. Lack of reactive power control and voltage regulation The latest wind turbines have robust designs for reliable performance and increased energy capture, as well as sophisticated control systems that support electric system requirements and enable cost-effective power system operation. This paper mainly focuses on the requirements from large wind plants, and ability of the latest wind turbine technology to meet those requirements. The paper illustrates the performance of a large wind plant integrated with utility. A short discussion of the economic trade-offs and decisions surrounding with wind is provided as well.