Coordination of wind farms and flywheels for energy balancing and frequency regulation

In this paper we propose a control scheme to coordinate wind generators and flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) for the provision of energy balancing and grid frequency regulation services. By exploiting power electronics-based controllers to adjust the output power from these asynchronous machines, the proposed control enables both wind generators and FESS to collectively respond to the system frequency deviations. Therefore, the seemingly non-dispatchable wind can be utilized to improve the system frequency performance and reduce the regulation burden on conventional generators. Economically, by allowing wind to participate in regulation markets, the proposed control extracts more value from the variable wind generation and reduces the system frequency regulation costs. Moreover, coordination of wind and FESS could increase the profits for both the wind generators and the FESS. We demonstrate the technical and economic performances of the proposed control in a small five bus system.