Equivalent models for implicitly-coupled electromechanical and electromagnetic transient analysis

This paper presents two sets of equivalent models for implicitly-coupled electromechanical and electromagnetic transient analysis: a Thevenin equivalent of the electromechanical network and a Norton equivalent of the electromechanical network. Due to the possible lack of voltage reference in the electromagnetic network, the Norton equivalent of the electromechanical network is not as robust as the Thevenin equivalent in implicitly-coupled transient simulation. Results demonstrating the advantage of the implicitly-coupled electromechanical and electromagnetic simulator with Thevenin equivalent of the electromechanical network are presented for a 3 bus test system.