Considering double frequency terms from phase detectors in synchronous master-slave networks

The main strategy used for distributing clock information along telecommunication synchronous networks is the master-slave (M-S), i.e., a well determined node provides a precise clock signal distributed to the other nodes that need to recover it using phase-locked loops (PLL). In spite of the PLLs being equipped with low pass filters, the recovered clock signal always contains second harmonic components that appear as phase jitter. Here we model how the amplitude of this double frequency jitter depends on PLL parameters for different types of topological arrangement of the M-S network