Rigorous Analytical/Graphical Injection Locking Analysis of Two-Port Negative Resistance Oscillators

In this paper, the authors present a simple but rigorous nonlinear analysis for understanding and predicting steady-state operation and injection locking in two-port nonlinear negative-resistance oscillators (such as the Colpitts, Pierce, etc., topologies commonly used in RFICs). Key advances of our approach include the use of vector-based nonlinear feedback analysis and treatment of amplitude and frequency components in a coupled way. The authors develop rigorous and insightful graphical approaches for output voltage estimation and injection lock range prediction. The authors validate the analytical approach against transient and harmonic balance simulations