Parameterised system modelling of small CHP units for distribution network analysis

The development of technology and electric market deregulation has opened many opportunities for the increasing penetration of small-scale Combined Heat and Power (CHP) units in the power system. The modes of operation of CHP facilities are mostly based on the customer-driven heat demand. The electric power produced by the CHP system is used locally or sold to the grid. When a CHP unit operates in parallel to the grid, its variable power output and transient behaviour might affect the operation of the power system in terms of power quality, voltage profile, stability operation and protection selectivity.