An enhanced Gauss-Markov mobility model for simulations of unmanned aerial ad hoc networks

Routing protocols are designed assuming certain application-specific network characteristics. In order for a routing protocol to be effective and reliable it needs to be evaluated with a realistic mobility model. The Random Waypoint mobility model, widely used, allows node to stop suddenly and turn sharply, and therefore fails to capture the movement pattern of actual airborne vehicles. In this paper we propose the Enhanced Gauss-Markov (EGM) mobility model, a realistic model for networks of UAVs (UAANETs) based on the Gauss-Markov (GM) mobility model. EGM features mechanisms to eliminate/limit sudden stops and sharp turns within the simulation region. The model, unlike others, also deals explicitly with ensuring smooth trajectories at the boundaries. Simulations in OPNET show that EGM, compared to RWP, results in many more network partitions. This then suggests that network partitioning is a significant issue that ought to be dealt with in the protocol design for UAANETs.