Fault analysis in three phase transmission lines using k-nearest neighbor algorithm

This paper proposes a method for fault detection and fault classification in time domain using k-NN algorithm as classifier. All the signals are generated using PSCAD software and processed using MATLAB software. Three phase currents generated are then processed to give fundamental component of currents and zero sequence component of current. Input given to the k-NN based fault detector is three phase fundamental component of currents. Input given to the k-NN based classifier is the fundamental component and zero sequence component of current. For each phase A, B, C and G separate classifier is designed. Proposed method is tested for different fault location, fault inception angle, fault resistance and fault type. Fault cases are tested against the trained k-NN modules and performance of the relay is found to be 99% accurate. Fault detection time is within half cycle for most cases and one cycle time for some cases.