Modification of diode X-ray radiation by electron multiple back-scatter from anode

Summary form only given, as follows. In high-power vacuum diodes with high-atomic-number anodes a large fraction of the electrons are back-scattered and modify the all diode characteristics: electron and ion currents, the electron beam spectrum and thus the X-ray spectrum and efficiency. The last problem is very important for intense electron beam radiography. A hybrid PIC/Monte Carlo code is developed on the KARAT and Monte Carlo codes to study these problems. The results of the computer simulations are compared with experimental data.