Network aspects relevant to the integration between the GSM network and a satellite system

The integration between cellular and satellite systems permits to provide wider and more efficient area coverage. In this paper the viability of a full integration between the GSM cellular network and a spot-beam satellite system is dealt with. The integration analysis focuses on the network aspects. Full integration means to reuse, as far as possible, the same equipment and protocols, i.e. the same hardware and software, for the satellite and the GSM network. In the integrated system the user need not be aware whether the actual connection goes through the satellite or the GSM network. The paper identifies the most promising satellite system configuration and the satellite system counterpart of the GSM functional areas (cell, location area, MSC area). Moreover, the problems and the relevant solutions related to the extension of the GSM procedures (e.g. call set-up, cell selection/reselection, handover, initial acquisition, tracking) to the satellite system are dealt with