Multi frequency operation of stacked patch antenna with Omega array sandwiched

A multi frequency microstrip stacked patch antenna sandwiched with omega array is proposed. The antenna features a multi frequency behavior (three operating bands) with similar gain. The Microstrip patch antenna on metamaterial substrates is loaded with Hexagonal - Omega structure. The proposed antenna utilizes Hexagonal - Omega structure in the ground plain altering the effective medium parameters of the substrate. To characterize the performance of the Hexagonal - Omega loaded microstrip antenna, the metamaterial substrate has been modeled as an effective medium with extracted constitutive parameters. The comparison of the impedance bandwidth between the microstrip patch antenna on a conventional high permittivity substrate and with the Hexagonal - Omega structure loaded metamaterial substrate is presented.