An affordance-based formalism for modeling human-involvement in complex systems for prospective control

We propose a predictive modeling framework for human-involved complex systems in which humans play controlling roles. Affordance theory provides definitions of human actions and their associated properties, and the affordance-based Finite State Automata (FSA) model is capable of mapping the nondeterministic human actions into computable components in modeling formalism. In this paper, we further investigate the role of perception in human actions and examine the representation of perceptual elements in affordance-based modeling formalism. We also propose necessary and sufficient conditions for mapping perception-based human actions into systems theory to develop a predictive modeling formalism in the context of prospective control. A driving example is used to show how to build a formal model of human-involved complex system for prospective control. The suggested modeling frameworks will increase the soundness and completeness of a modeling formalism as well as can be used as guide to model human activities in a complex system.