On the small-scale fading evaluation in human exposure assessment

Radiofrequency signals are affected by several phenomena in complex environments, such as absorption, diffraction and multipath. The latter is the main responsible in the small-scale fading process, resulting random variations around a local mean, which must be taken into account when performing human exposure to electromagnetic fields evaluation. This paper analyzes the impact of signal statistical behavior in the spatial averaging scheme using the Monte Carlo method with the general fading distribution κ-μ. It also proposes a reference table for spatial averaging uncertainty to better represents the asymmetric behavior of the fading distributions for small number of samples.