Magnetic resonance (MR) safety testing of implants using numerical simulation for worst-case determination

MR safety and compatibility are important issues for all devices used within an MR environment. MR testing of medical devices is required for device approval by the regulatory agencies worldwide. Besides basic testing also computer modeling of electromagnetic fields and SAR distribution of passive devices has been established. Further methods for numerical analysis and testing are currently under development for active implantable medical devices. The methods will be published soon as an ISO Technical Specification listing such as RF- and gradient-induced voltages, heating, vibration and device malfunction by exposure to the static magnetic, switched gradient magnetic and electromagnetic field.