Estimation of the direction of arrival of water waves

The direction-of-arrival (DOA) of water waves is an important design consideration for construction. The authors propose two methods to estimate the DOA from records of pressure sensors deployed on the sea bottom. These methods are based on broadband noise subspace and signal subspace multiple signal characterization. The array manifold is not the standard one due to the frequency-dependent velocity of propagation of water waves. The cross-correlated signals case is analyzed for both methods. For the same data, these two methods are compared with the standard Longuet-Higgins (1963) method for wideband DOA estimation