Design and simulation of planar Minkowski fractal antennas

This paper describes the design and simulation of novel microwave patch type Minkowski planar fractal antennas using IE3D electromagnetic simulation software. The fractal structure is advantageous in generating multiple resonances or enhancing bandwidth. Fractal antenna is comprised of elements patterned after self-similar designs. Self-similarity of the fractal shape can be translated into its electromagnetic behavior. Fractal antennas are very old in concept and very new in design for broadband applications. Many discontinuities in the structure aid in radiating higher frequencies. Both miniaturization and broadband coverage are the greatly achievable factors in this type. This paper proposes the design and simulation of four stages of antennas and the performance characteristics of these four antennas have been reported in this paper.