A two-end method of fault location immune to saturation of current transformers

In this paper the one-ended fault location principle proposed by Eriksson et al. (see ibid vol. PAS-104, no. 2, p424-36,1985) is adapted to an application for two-end measurements of voltages and currents from one end. The detection of current transformer (CT) saturation at the end B is depicted schematically. The location procedure for the case of CTs saturation at the other terminal (A) can be derived analogously. If there is no saturation at both terminals, which applies to the majority of fault cases, then the earlier known two-ended unsynchronised fault location algorithm or any other alternative form can be applied.