DOAV estimation using planar array, a 4D capon approach

In this paper a four dimensional Capon approach is proposed to estimate the direction of arrival and angular velocities (DOAV) of moving sources using a rectangular array of antennas. The movement of the source is modeled using linear polynomial approximation in order to estimate the DOA and angular velocities of a point source impinging a signal on the planar array. The resulting four dimensional problem is computation intensive and precludes the use of the approach in real time applications. In order to reduce the computational complexity of the problem, we exploit the geometry of this array and decoupling techniques to perform two two-dimensional searches in parallel instead of a four dimensional search. We also relate the high resolution Capon approach, which we demonstrate herein, to the DOAV formulation presented in this paper. The excellent performance of the combined technique is demonstrated via simulation results.