A sensor-centric EKF for inertial-aided visual odometry

When appropriate infrastructure is not available, localization of pedestrians becomes a difficult task. This is especially the case in urban or indoor scenarios, where satellite navigation is hindered due to occlusions or multipath effects. A promising alternative is to combine a small, low-cost inertial measurement unit (IMU) with a camera in order to exploit the complementary error characteristics of these devices by simultaneously estimating the positions of observed landmarks and the trajectory of the sensor system with a stochastic filter.