M-NOTE: A Multi-part ballot based E-voting system with clash attack protection

In this paper, we propose an E-voting procedure which, by utilizing the multi-part ballot mode, provides voters an enhanced way to cast and audit their own votes with great anonymity. The proposed scheme, the Multi-part ballot based Name and vOte separaTed E-voting system (M-NOTE), is partially based on our previous works, which have achieved the goal of keeping candidates confidential and voters anonymous, as well as reducing the risk of leaking both candidates´ and voters´ identities during the ballot distribution phase. In addition, M-NOTE can prevent the possible clash attack in which either malicious authority or hackers could partially manipulate voting results by tampering voters´ original ballots. Meanwhile, our performance analysis shows that M-NOTE provides an outstanding secured level, as the possibility of ballot reconstruction and voting result manipulation has been reduced to closer to zero. This E-voting system also illustrates to readers an applicable framework of designing a fair election in the future.