Confirmation-based routing for convergent traffic intended for urban networks

Routing for wireless sensor networks based on Gradient is a simple, reliable solution resulting in low information costs for the network package as well as for the node itself. It is used for convergent traffic, where sensor nodes send messages to the sink node. Due to message transmission failures inherent to wireless sensor networks, researches in this area agree that point-to-point message confirmation in these networks is essential. This work proposes solutions for routing based on Gradient using a confirmation mechanism, where three protocol variations are evaluated for sensor networks applications in order to monitor and control electrical variables. Results demonstrate that the protocol has a satisfactory package delivery rate in severe conditions. Furthermore, results show in which situations each routing protocol variation better suits the target application.