Accelerated periodic hybrid finite element method analysis for integrated array element and radome design

A computational technique known as the periodic hybrid finite element method (McGrath et al., 1994) has been developed for finding the active reflection coefficient and active element gain of general phased array radiators. It uses periodic radiation conditions based on an integral equation, hence it is a hybrid of FEM and the periodic moment method (PMM). An extension of the method incorporates the effects of homogeneous dielectric cladding layers without including those layers in the FEM mesh. The result is an efficient means of modeling structures that include wide angle impedance matching sheets and planar radomes