A two-hop localization scheme with radio irregularity model in Wireless Sensor Networks

Localization is a vital foundation in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). However, most previous localization methods assume an idealistic radio propagation model that is far from reality. This will lead to inaccurate localization, since unknown nodes cannot receive enough location messages under the radio irregularity model. In our previous work “LMAT”, we solved the path planning problem of the mobile anchor node without taking into account radio irregularity. This paper further studies how localization performance is affected by radio irregularity. In order to improve localization accuracy, the anchor node´s radio range is adjusted to guarantee that all unknown nodes can receive sufficient localization information. Furthermore, it points out the relationship between degree of irregularity (DOI) and communication distance, and the impact of radio irregularity on message receiving probability in presence of 2-hop localization. Finally, simulation results show that, compared with 1-hop localization algorithm, 2-hop localization along with a good trajectory reduces average localization error.