E-paper: Clarifying future R&D needs by a fundamental understanding of the maximum performance of current technologies

Presented herein is a critical review of all major e-paper technologies, including a technical breakdown of the performance limitations based on device physics, and commentary on possible future breakthroughs. In addition, the visual requirements for color e-paper are provided, and compared to standards used in conventional print. It is concluded that researchers have much work remaining in order to bridge the significant gap between current performance and ultimate consumer requirements.