Global cluster based planning of wireless sensor networks

A sensor network is a set of limited-capability nodes that are equipped with wireless transceivers and limited batteries. In this paper, we develop an optimization model for a time dependent planning process. Planning tasks include not only activating or deactivating a set of sensors, but also building a hierarchical architecture based on electing cluster heads in a strategic and energy saving manner. Specifically, we propose an Integer Linear Programming model that aims to balance the energy consumption during a predefined period while dynamically changing covering schema and cluster heads. In order to balance the energy consumption, we propose an energy consumption score that increases exponentially with respect to the real dissipated energy. Finally, numerical results performed by the CPLEX software suite are shown and analyzed. It is obvious that the network energy consumption minimizing and balancing are well achieved.