Energy-based Bayesian spectrum sensing over κ-μ and κ-μ extreme fading channels

In this paper, performance of energy-based spectrum sensing over the κ-μ and κ-μ extreme fading channels under a Bayesian framework is investigated. First, exact expressions for the probability of error (as a convex combination of the probabilities of false-alarm and signal detection) under both κ-μ and κ-μ extreme fading models are derived. Later, analysis and discussions on calculation of the optimal threshold (in the Bayesian sense) are presented. The analytic expressions are validated through numerical techniques and Monte Carlo simulations. The performance of the energy detector is observed to be severely effected by small variations in the fading parameters. The derived results are useful in evaluating the effect of fading on the detection performance for cognitive radio systems operating in various fading environments (which are special cases of the κ-μ distribution), and therefore, this work provides a comprehensive solution set to Bayesian energy detection for spectrum sensing.