Radon transform and DWT based audio watermarking algorithm against DA/AD conversion

Audio watermarking has become an important technology for the intellectual property protection. For numerous applications, such as cinema and concert situation, watermarks surviving noisy analog environments are better suited or even required. This paper discusses the robustness of digital audio watermarking algorithms against digital-to-analogue (D/A) and analogue-to-digital (A/D) conversions. Based on discrete wavelet decomposition, the chirp signal is introduced as watermarking bits and the radon transform of time-frequency distribution of wavelet coefficients is also considered. Then the relationship of statistical radon moment in two adjacent wavelet sub-bands is utilized to embed watermarking bits. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can resist on the attack of DA and AD conversion with lower bit error and higher capacity. The proposed method could also be against common signal processing and MPEG compression attack, which show its good prospect in real application.