Estimation of Base Stations Exclusion Zones

The aim of this paper is the estimation of exclusion zones around typical installations of base station antennas. A classification of installation types is first presented, and essential parameters are identified. A discussion around biological effects from radiation and existing recommendations on exposure levels to electromagnetic radiation is then addressed. A literature overview is made, and an approach for the estimation of exclusion zones is presented. Then, for the most usual antennas and using the typical parameters for each system supplied by the Portuguese mobile operators, the exclusion zones were estimated. Values up to 6 m in front of the antenna were obtained depending on the configuration. A worst case situation was also considered (co-location of multiple systems and multiple carriers per system), values up to around 7 m being obtained.