Dielectric and conductivity investigations of rutile titanium dioxide single crystals

This paper reports dielectric characterizations of Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) oriented with three Rutile crystallographic orientations (100), (001) and (110). The dielectric properties and electrical conductivity were studied at various frequencies (0,1 Hz to 10 MHz) and temperatures (100-500 K). The dielectric loss and permittivity constant for all the samples were observed to decrease with the increase of frequency. Electric modulus has been analyzed to identify the dielectric relaxation process. At low frequency, it reveals the interfacial MWS relaxation whereas the dipolar and ionic polarizations were dominated at high frequency. The electrical conductivity has been also discussed in detail. The ac conductivity showed strong temperature behaviors for high frequency. These results were related to crystallographic orientation and microstructure quality of TiO₂ samples which play considerable roles in conduction and trapping of electric charges. The trapping phenomena of these samples were under investigations.