WSN design in high-voltage transformer substation

The high-voltage transformer substation is a special environment with high voltage and strong magnetic field. The temperatures of transmission circuitry joints in substations may increase for many reasons to initiate fire and explosion. A hierarchical clustering wireless sensor network (WSN) based on multi-agent system (MAS) is provided in this paper. Sustainable power-supplied nodes are appointed as clustering heads and the nodes measuring temperatures of the joints are ordinary nodes belonged to certain cluster and they interactive only with the belonged head. Among the clusters, first level TDMA technique is used to guarantee inter-cluster non-interfered communication and second TDMA is used to guarantee inner-cluster communication. The wireless temperature measuring nodes are designed with wireless communication module STR-30, ultra-low-power CMOS chip MSP430 and intelligent digital temperature sensor DS18B20. To support sleeping mechanism of the nodes to sustain lifetime of the network, double battery technique is applied, i.e. The operating circuit being power-on and the idle circuit being power-off to extend the operation life time of the node.