Criminal forensic: An application to EEG

In the recent years, especially during the last decade electroencephalography (EEG) based brain computer interface (BCI) have become a prevailing study of neuroscience, machine learning and rehabilitation. A BCI provides an arena for a human brain to communicate with a computer directly without the normal neurophysiologic pathways. The electrical signals of the brain, with their fast responsivity with cognitive processes are most suitable as non-motor control mediation between the human and a computer. This can serve as a communication and control channel for various applications. One of the most intriguing uses of EEG is in forensic investigation, used as a tool in lie detection. Lie detection technology has been applied increasingly to investigate and solve criminal cases. Though the contributions of neurobiological research to forensic technology remain largely hypothetical, the evidences appear promising and further research is both feasible and warranted. The brain based lie detection may veritably give solution to many complicated investigation. This paper explores the evolvement of lie detection technology, their working principles, the latest development, and the prospect of their application in forensic science.