Power and DOA estimation for array processing using particle swarm optimization

To increase the capacity of mobile communications, it is important to accurately estimate the power and the direction of arrival (DOA) of source. An efficient algorithm is proposed for this purpose. A cost function is optimized by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO). To accelerate the convergence of the fitness function of PSO, the inertia weights of particles are different from each other and are updated according to the values of fitness. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm not only can be applied at the case that MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm is useful, but also at the case that MUSIC is not useful, for example, when the number of signal sources is greater than or equal to the number of the elements of the array. It can simultaneously estimate the DOAs and powers of signals accurately.