Visible Light Positioning Based on LED Traffic Light and Photodiode

This paper presents visible light positioning (VLP) techniques based on a traffic light and photodiodes. The position of a vehicle can be determined using both the traffic light position information obtained through a visible light communication (VLC) link and the time difference of arrival (TDOA) of the traffic light signal to two photodiodes mounted in the front of the vehicle. Methods for VLP with one traffic light and two traffic lights are both proposed, and the error due to the non-coplanar effect is studied and the related coplanar rotation methods for both cases are developed. The numerical result shows bias performance of the positioning methods with coplanar rotation is much better than the ones without coplanar rotation, and the effects of the vehicle distance to traffic light and vehicle speed are also discussed.