Research for Closed-loop Supply Chain Price Models under Uncertain Demand

The importance of remanufacturing used products into new ones has been widely recognized in the literature and in practice. In this paper, we study the price models under two different strategies (Centralized strategy and decentralized strategy) when the market demand is uncertain. The retailer and the third party both recycle the used products. The price models are analyzed by game theory and some conclusions were obtained. The recycling product price, the sale price, the expected profit of the system and its members under different new product manufacturing cost were further analyzed numerically.